Unmet Clinical Need 

​Heart failure (HF) is the primary cause of death and the largest healthcare expense in the world.

​Current medical devices used for HF are invasive and risky (e.g. today’s PA catheters and electronic cardiac implants). As well, indirect methods used for HF provide late and imprecise information (e.g. physical exams, lab tests, medical imaging, wearable devices). 

This unmet clinical need leads to suboptimal medication dosing, suboptimal treatment, longer hospital stay (~4 days) and high 30-day rehospitalization rate (23%).   (Ref. 1,2,4)